Book review on enduring love

The basic story line to the book is all about a man who experiences a ballooning accident where he and a group of other guys try to pull down a balloon that has a boy in, which is the captain of the air balloons grandson†¦ so they are all holding it down trying to get the kid out but a strong gust of wind blows the balloon up and the four guys still holding on are pulled up with it but before it gets too high three of the four Jump off to safety which intern leaves one guy called Logan hanging on to the rope after a couple of minutes Logan looses his grip and slips to the very end of the ope†¦ or a split second he continues to hold on but finally again his grip goes and he drops to his death in front of this crowd of people. After the incident the main character for the rest of the book is Just left with this over riding feeling of guilt, but also deeper there was a man at the accident who comes away with almost post traumatic stress and as an onlooker as the reader you exp erience him become uncontrollably obsessed with the main character in the book and by the end of the book Jed whom is obsessed causes Joe and cassia his girlfriend to split up simply by getting in to Joes head through the couple of letters he sends him.The book takes in the story several months to get the middle of the plot but the book passes within a year. To me what happened in terms of the accident is unusual as you don't here hot air balloon accidents everyday and the after events I'm sure happen but don't come to light as this one did for example the fact Jed stalked Joe so relentlessly for that period of time so openly is never talked about let alone written in a book! The storyline right from the begging grips you as it opens with the main character acting as a narrator talking through the day when he had a role to play in the loss of life and freak accident caused it!!Characters: Real main characters in the book for me are: Joe Rose Joe Rose is a middle-aged successful scie nce Journalist living with his long-time girlfriend Clarissa Rose in London. He considers himself unattractive and marvels that Clarissa loves him. He is the object of Jed Parry's obsessions. Clarissa Mellon Clarissa is Joe's girlfriend and an English professor who specializes in the Romantic poet John Keats. She loves children and is secretly devastated that she is barren.She loves Joe's completely but she is ruled by her emotions and interpretive intuition. Jed Parry Jed Parry is a lonely young man who lives by himself in a large house he inherited from his mother. He is devoutly Christian, although he doesnt follow any specific sect. He suffers from I feel syndrome that causes him to believe that a stranger is in love with you. (Interestingly enough there is a syndrome called Clearmalt's syndrome which has the exactly the same symptoms) The object of his obsession is Joe Rose, whom he stalks.Jean Logan Jean Logan is John Logan's wife and a history professor at Oxford. She struggl es with John's death, convincing herselt that ne was having an affair. Clarissa was interesting to say the least, as the book opens you find her to be very warming to Joe rose but very quickly as the reader you see that she instantly after the accident turns away from Joe you could say that Joe caused some of the relationship fail but mostly it all comes from Clarissa.You see this instantly as they drive home yes you can say she still is in shock but when they get home the interaction between both of them is so odd†¦ the chatting at the table yes ill say that is normal but what happened after that the sexual contact is benign, I think the author is trying to get cross the fact the two characters are still Jumpy and sketchy after both witnessing such a horrendous accident and uses the odd physical contact as a way to show that.It's very easy to comment on the relationship between Joe and Clarissa but it's harder to talk about the conflicts. Again there is a blindingly obvious on e of the conflict between Joe and Clarissa that develops but one I find more interesting is the not conflict but awkwardness between Joe rose and Jean Logan for those who don't know is John Logan's wife, the conflict if we call it that is when Joe goes round to Jeans ouse which may I say is a long drive to talk to her about Jed (the pedo) Joe almost invite himself in and sits waiting as Jeans makes some tea.Long story short the fact that a man that Jean doesn't know is sat in her living room as she makes tea for him waiting to talk to her about a guy who has an obsession with him, to me from the offset is Just going to cause so form of mental conflict. Personally all characters change over the course of the book but easily you can spot the person who changes the most is Joe rose and the start he is very confident and towards the end he turns into somebody with very low self-esteem.The biggest and easiest change in the book surprisingly enough isn't Jed I feel its Joe as the effect o f the incident is immediate even on the way home the shock of the accident starts to make its mark on Joe and his girlfriend there are long awkward chats in the kitchen and from there it Just goes down hill†¦ will say though Jed stalking Joe religiously doesn't help things but after what Joe saw, heard and felt that breezy summers day it marked him as a dead man you couldn't see that when you start reading the book but as you dig deeper and start to think in depth more about what happened you easily make connections that urn into ideas and before you know it you find yourself predicting the rest of the book†¦ The story was written in first person. It helped the story as it put the person into the shoes of the book and really helps the reader to get into the book and really understand the dilemma that the characters are in throughout the book.Another factor that helped the reader get a grip n the reader and hold them there until the book unfolds and ends is how the author r eally puts the reader in the story is how he describes the surroundings that the characters are in and how the time period really elps you not only believe the story line but shocks you that in this modern age not only do accidents happen like this but the after affects aren't picked up by those around the characters for example Jed who is to his own accord until the point that others realise that he is a danger to those around him and society in general.To be completely honest and to wrap up the review id say I would recommend the book to people but will warn them ot the graphic paedophilia that takes place in the book also the sexual content isn't off putting but in places is hard to get to grips off until you read further on and realise why..

Tourism has a great impact on environments, communities and economies

According to publicity, the holiday complex at Carlyon Bay will be â€Å"a dazzling jewel, likely to become one of Europe's most glamorous seaside destinations†. The proposed site at Carlyon Bay, Cornwall, near Fowey would bring new jobs, businesses and more people to the area, leading to the multiplier effect, yet would destroy a fragile environment and beautiful scenery. The planned site would consist of 500 holiday homes, hotels, shops, bars and restaurants to the already popular holiday destination. Local council people are concerned the development will put too much pressure on local roads, amenities and would prove a severe loss of a well-liked mile long beach. Peter Browning, spokesman for the Carlyon Bay Watch, opposing the development said, † The development is just wholly inappropriate for the area. Not only will it damage the environment it will double the size of the community and put huge stress on the infrastructure. One person's dream house is another person's nightmare.† The planning permission for the 511 homes was granted in the late 1980s and the Ampersand Group bought the site, which stretches from the top of the cliffs high watermark, last year. Ampersand claim the project will be â€Å"ecologically imaginative† and have a â€Å"flowing design†, it is also said to â€Å"blend in†. Cornwall wildlife trust wants an environmental impact assessment to be carried out as the site has rare plants – heath milkwort, bell heather and eye bright yet Anderson argues it bought the planning permission before this was necessary. Although Ampersand claim the project would be beneficial to the area, creating 600 jobs, the area is already high in employment and the planned development could discourage some people from visiting as it would ruin the serenity of the area. One local resident was reported to say â€Å"these types of development have more in common with third world countries where there are secure enclaves for the rich, with little or no benefit for the local population- there will come a time when we will only be able to walk along the coastal footpath and look down on the beach from afar†. Carlyon Bay is also a 1995 Seaside Award Winner, winning points for its cleanliness on land and sea, and for its excellent facilities, coupled together with safe bathing, water sports, and trouble-free leisure, it is already a popular and amply developed site in many eyes. Clive Kessel vice chairman of the Restormel regeneration partnership said the development could bring money into an area that has suffered economic hardship. He denied that the development would harm the environment and dismissed concerns about access, he conceded that it would have an impact on local infrastructures but said work would be done to improve local roads and people would be encouraged to use public transport to get there. Other developments of tourism in the UK have been successful. In Bournemouth for example, where the tourism development have been very successful. Bournemouth's economy has been built upon tourism and with nearly two million staying visitors and over four and a half million day visitors every year, Bournemouth is a top international resort and the tourist industry is vital to the towns economy. In 1995 tourism generated à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½479 million of expenditure directly and also indirectly therefore supporting 16400 jobs. Direct tourism spent in Bournemouth accounts for 11% of that for the entire southern region. Tourism has also had a multiplier effect in Bournemouth bringing in retail, leisure and entertainment industries. Although this type of industry is appealing to Carlyon Bay, it is unrealistic. Carlyon Bay is not the same size as Bournemouth and does not have the same accessibility. It also has a very seasonal tourist industry. Although many people in Cornwall are against the development, Malcolm Bell, Executive chair of the local tourist board, southwest tourism, said it would create jobs and hopefully bring in tourists all year although he didn't want to see similar developments springing up on other Cornish beaches. The council are pushing for the development to go through as they have already sold 150 of the houses planned to be built, it is financially and in the long term economically a positive thing for the council. In conclusion, Carlyon Bay has been successful and popular up to this day, if the area has managed to sustain itself until now, we must ask whether this development is really necessary. The stretch of coastline planned to be developed is extremely beautiful and a popular site with walkers, holidaymakers, families and local residents. The development of this area may discourage these people from returning. I feel the development would not be a good idea as environmentalists and residents agree, the area has a fragile ecosystem and attracts many tourists anyway, the development would attract different people and the site could easily become â€Å"trashy and unpopular†. On the other hand the development of Carlyon Bay would bring in more jobs and the multiplier effect would bring a better economy and trade for smaller businesses, yet they have managed so far and the development would have other consequences too. Roads, amenities and other services would become very busy, good for the businesses yet this would lead to worse quality of service for the local residents as more cafes and other amenities place their emphasis on the tourists. Carlyon Bay won the 1995 Seaside Award and so is obviously already a gorgeous area, would the development of houses, entertainment facilities and restaurants really improve it? I think not.

Festival and events Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Festival and events - Essay Example In addition, we have also approached for additional funding from the Virgin Australia Airlines Pty Ltd that offers sponsorship based on their internal evaluations for events that deliver community benefits that align to the direction of the company. In this note, the company agreed to donate $1000 to sponsor the night trivia. Further, the Toyota company also sponsored the event by donating $1200. Further, we were keen in controlling the costs of organizing the event by ensuring that we select a venue that is cost effective. Our choice of venue for the event is Apple cross Anglican Church where it is possible to reduce the total cost for holding the event while still making the guests to have fun. The main hall areas in the Apple cross Anglican Church can host a maximum of about 230 guests at a cost of $20 per hour after 6pm for non-profit events. In addition, the venue has other additional offers such as tables and soft drinks. Further, we have approached the Sound Guys Company where we have obtained discounted sound system at a cost of $70 for the event. All these additional resources make the cost of holding the event in the venue to be within our limited budget. In order to attract a large number of guests, we have organized some prizes and gifts that will be given to the participants of night trivia. For instance, we have approached Dymocks book shop who agreed to donate different types of books in order to support the event. In addition, we have also approached Coles Supermarkets who agreed to support the night trivia by donating food hampers that will play great part in attracting more participants. Further, we were able to get some gifts such as soaps, perfumes and lotions from Elizabeth Shop that will also constitute the prizes to be given out. In order for the participants to win the gifts, the trivia will be organized in such a way that groups in

Incarceration of the Mentally Challenged Term Paper

Incarceration of the Mentally Challenged - Term Paper Example Recently, it has been a common practice of the mentally challenged being locked in the prisons which has forced many to argue on the best practice of this incarceration. Mostly this has happened without the prior scrutiny of the culprits and their disorders (Grob, 243). It is a common knowledge that the mentally disabled persons have various and highly demanding needs which need be addressed in the best way possible. Significantly, other than pushing to protect the society they live in, the mentally challenged have the need to be cured of their illness which compels them to break the laws. Remarkably, the mentally ill persons are not in the position of making the right decisions due to their abnormalities. They commit themselves to actions without the prior knowledge or awareness of the emergent repercussions and consequences they will suffer as result. Notably, in the absence of their mental disorder these persons would be upright and function normally as the other healthy people. I n view of this, exemplary procedures and measures must be established by the concerned authorities to safeguard the incarceration of this suffering group of human kind (Grob, 245). Although the number of persons with mental retardation is minimal an increasing population of this has fallen within the jurisdiction of the criminal justice system. For a long time, the issue of locking the mentally challenged in the prisons has not been the best practice. As a fact, in many states little or no provision has been made for the mentally ill offenders accruing to inequitable harsh dispositions which are very expensive to the states (Grob, 245). More over many mentally challenged persons have been incarcerated for offences they have never committed. In the course of their arrest and subsequent prosecution, many are the times the perceived offenders confess of doing what they never did. This has been occasioned by their childlike ways of thinking and fear of the authorities leading to little long term perceptions. Essentially, such acts and confessions have forced the mentally retarded to wave their rights without a clear knowledge of what they are really doing (Larson et al. 240) In addition, the mentally ill are bound by numerous misfortunes. These people are jobless and as a consequence they make no income. During the pretrial incarceration only those who can afford bails which are typically accorded to the employed or with stable and secure living conditions are saved the unjust and cruel treatment in the prisons. Remarkably, by virtue of the retarded lacking bails condemns them to unfair incarceration (Larson et al. 244). Another challenge faced by the mentally ill is in the issue of securing a plea bargaining during the court process and ultimate sentencing. Though unaware, these persons provide the prosecutors with highly incriminating evidence against themselves than the normal persons. This makes them less successful in bargaining for their punishment within th e law. Furthermore, aggressive prosecutors are continuously lowering the credibility of their testimonies which makes them highly unreliable. Factually, the mentally retarded are serving long jails and high rate sentences since they cannot be accorded probations. This has been necessitated by the inequalities of the justice system which advocates granting probation to those of sound mind and possessing great education and work backgrounds (Larson et al. 246). Notably, the

How sustainable is hydroelectricity generation Assignment

How sustainable is hydroelectricity generation - Assignment Example The turbine is connected to an electric system which through its rotation, an electric field is created which in turn creates an electric force that is harnessed and stored in grids to be distributed and sold to customers during peak times when there must be additional sources of energy. From Interview: According to Ron Taylor who is an experienced electrical engineer, hydroelectric power is sustainable. Experts need to establish the climatic shifts of the area where the project is to be built. Proper planning should also be done to ensure sustainability of the project. From Research: Through technological advancement, the industrial sector has achieved equipments which consumes low power so that the generated power would be economically viable to enhance high productivity in the long run. However, through enhancement of power storage systems by the establishment of digital capacitor banks which are responsible for both power correction and stability, adequate power is generated and used economically to reduce resource wastage (Huggins, 2010). It is recommended that cost effective power plants like hydroelectric plants should be constructed to lower the level and rates of ozone layer depletion which negatively impacts on the global climatic change. From Interview: Ron Taylor further states that, contrary to wind energy which is difficult to maintain, hydroelectric power is easier to maintain since it has a longer maintenance window. It is ranked among the worlds’ preferred power source with low effects on the environment; for instance, the global warming influenced by gas emissions (Huggins, 2010). The most expensive part of the project is the initial cost of installation, which is high as compared to the other sources of power, which are less costly to install but difficult to maintain. From Research: The ability to spend much money on maintenance entirely depends on the procedure involved in the maintenance process especially when

SUCCESS FACTORS IN DATA WAREHOUSE PROJECTS Essay

SUCCESS FACTORS IN DATA WAREHOUSE PROJECTS - Essay Example Why organizations need to bring data together from different working systems? Obviously, the answer is, to be more beneficial, to be more competitive, or to grow by adding value for customers. This can be achieved by mounting the pace and flexibility of decision making, developing business processes effectively, or gaining a clearer idea of customer activities. The data warehouse is a huge collection of the past and current business data that analyze the old business data for offering special discounts and trend assessment in the past business. These systems also facilitate decision makers to retrieve data as many times as they need without disturbing the performance of the core working systems. A data warehouse merges data that are scattered all over the different working systems and makes them readily accessible for decision support applications (Laudon & Laudon, 1999, p. 247; Inmon, 2002, p. 3; Hoffer, Prescott, & McFadden, 2007, p. 47). There are many factors that play a signific ant role in the implementation of a data warehouse. This essay presents a detailed analysis of the critical success factors in the implementation of data warehouse projects. Data Warehouse: An overview A data warehouse is a large size subject-oriented database that is designed and implemented with organization-wide access in mind. Additionally, a data warehouse collects and process a mountain of data from a number of sources and the basic purpose of this data collection and processing is to allow its users to be familiar with the data and information they want for decision making and get access to that information by making use of easy to use applications and tools. In addition, data warehouse encompasses a wide variety of tools and technologies such as multidimensional and relational databases, graphical user interfaces, client/server architecture and many more. In the context of a data warehouse system, all these components work with the purpose of combining raw data and facts fro m a variety of sources into a particular and reliable warehouse that provides an excellent support for decision making and analysis inside a particular domain of the business. In this scenario, the majority of large size business organizations develop data warehouse systems as a key element of their main information systems environment (Alshboul, 2012; Swalker, 2011). Data Warehouse Projects A few years ago, it was a serious challenge for the business organizations to actually make use of the covered data and information and facts stored in the functional systems for management and decision tasks. In this scenario, data management is seen in the sense of data as a significant asset belonging to the entire business organization for management and decision tasks, and not only as the belongings of specific tools and applications, personnel or business areas. Basically, this data collected from a variety of sources is supplied to a managerial part, which is responsible for transforming collected data into understandable and useful information for instance high-class subject orientated information will be accessible just in due course. In view of the fact that data can play a significant role in supporting functioning tasks very competently, hence it does not repeatedly make available information that can transform knowledge and improve the efficiency of business processes efficiency. In the past, these operational data were not accessible in a way that end users could straightforwardly recognize and utilize. In this scenario, in the form of a theoretical framework in the direction of contemporary information processing system a data warehouse was developed for a useful and well-organized practice of the

Personal Narrative 2 Essay-My Story Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Personal Narrative 2 -My Story - Essay Example In the deepest recesses of my heart I believed that my infant was going to a good home. On the day of his birth, I summoned all the strength I could muster to resist the urge to hold my precious baby boy and to meet the new parents. Beyond a shadow of a doubt it would have been too hard for me if there was any contact. For this reason, even though I so badly wanted to say, â€Å"I love you† and to kiss him goodbye I let him disappear from my life with only the barest glance. The trauma of the pregnancy and the rigor of the decision-making left me with several health issues as a result I was in the hospital for one week after the delivery. On the seventh day a phone call came from the courthouse. In order to finalize the adoption my presence was needed. Perhaps this was the test of my mantle- the day was so hard and emotional for me and my mom, I distinctly remember my body shaking. The shaking was extremely uncontrollable to the point that I could not even sign my name to the papers. Nonetheless, the judge appeared to understand my plight. He advised me to take my time. Signing that piece of paper was worse than all the labor pain endured during birth. My mom and I walked out of the judge’s chamber; I looked at her to see tears roll down her face. It broke my heart to see her cry. Year after year would pass by. Without fail, during the week of July 10th I would find myself overwhelmed with depression. On that day I would look up in the sky and whimper, â€Å"Happy birthday my baby boy.† As I grew older I would wonder whether my offspring ever thought about me, whether he would ever try to find and if he did find me would he forgive me. From time to time my family and friends would ask me if I would like to find him. My answer has always been a resounding, â€Å"YES!† However, I would silently speculate about the potential nature of his attitude towards me - would he reject me or would he be thankful that he was never part of my life. My speculation always ended in the same manner- let sleeping dogs lie it would be best that he try to find me when he is ready. In 1998 I gave birth to a beautiful girl, Alexandria Louise. She was the joy of my life. It was simply delightful to know that I could keep her forever. Nevertheless, there was still emptiness, a yearning in my heart for my baby boy that I had given up seventeen years earlier. I married Alexandria’s father, Poncho Rugg, in 2008. The marriage marked another exciting milestone in my journey of life. My husband was thrilled but sad to hear the story about my son. Constantly, he would ask me if I was ready to start the search and consistently, my reply would be no. I always believed that the time was not right and that one day he will look for me but only when the time was right. My personal information was everywhere in cyberspace. I believe that he had an abundance of opportunity to search for me if he was interested. I resigned myself to the hope of him searching for me and finding me one day. It was December 15, 2009. Every Tuesday night was pool night at Paco’s. On this particular Tuesday, my husband decided to accompany me to watch and have a birthday drink with me given that the next day was my birthday. It was my turn to shoot. I was nervous because I was shooting against a top player on the opposite team. I would look at Poncho from time to time and smile. On one occasion, I turned to him but he was on his cell phone. Not

Islamic marriages in the United Kingdom Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Islamic marriages in the United Kingdom - Essay Example Marriage is one such key event and the religion impacts and dictates that event as well. This is particularly applicable to Islamic marriages, with all aspects of the union based and dictated by the religion of Islam and its teachings. In United Kingdom (UK) also, Islamic marriages are conducted on those lines, with the marriage or nikah being conducted with or without official registration under UK laws. When the marriage is not registered under UK laws, its validity is questioned, leading to host of problems for the women. With those Islamic marriages being considered null and void under the UK laws, a Muslim man have the dubious advantage of marrying more than once without officially divorcing his wife and also denying his wife various rights and benefits. This paper focusing on the existence of Islamic marriages and the maximal non-registration of those marriages in the United Kingdom, will discuss how those marriages have no official or legal recognitions, thereby leading to man y legal and personal problems for the Muslim women or in particular wives. Arranged marriages are more common in the Islamic religion, and that is visible in the Islamic community in UK as well. The arranged marriages are closely related to the â€Å"closed system† because it kind of helps to preserve the family traditions, rituals and the maintenance of kinship among the relations. Even if a Muslim man and woman decides to get married, without the initiation done by the parents, then also marriage is arranged according to Islamic customs. However, the basic Islamic viewpoint is, Islamic families in UK or in any country has to follow conservative norms regarding the marriage and the resultant evolution of family, thereby avoiding same-sex marriage, living together outside marriage, etc., for them to be constituted as a family. In an Islamic perspective, a family should normally consist of a legally married couple, their children, their parents, other relatives, etc. The empha sis is that a family comes into existence only through two means: blood relationship and importantly Islamic authorized marriage. This is mentioned in the religious texts as well, â€Å"And it is He Who has made man from water: The He has set up relationships of family and marriage: And your Lord is ever All Powerful (over things). [Surah AI Furqaan: 54]1. This focus on marriage being a relationship between an heterosexual man and woman forms a key part of Islamic marriage. Mernissi further validates this by stating, â€Å"The dynamics of shared spaces between the sexes can best be understood by analysing the functioning of the conjugal unit, the only model of heterosexual relationships that Muslim society †¦offers to its children.†2 However, all Islamic marriages are not similar, with the actual wedding ceremonies minimally or maximally differing according to the culture or nationality of the Muslim people involved in it. For example, a Pakistani Muslim wedding could b e different from the Malaysian Muslim wedding in certain aspects. â€Å"Many of the Muslims who marry are from widely different cultures - for example European, Turkish, African, Malaysian, and so on.†3 Another key or even anti-feminine aspect of the Islamic marriage is polygamy, with Muslim men being allowed to marry more than one woman at a time. â€Å"Man may have more than one wife, up to the limit of four wives simultaneously - so long as it is

International finance coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

International finance - Coursework Example (2 marks) False, only silver will be able to circulate because the equilibrium ratio will be raised by the increase in supply of silver and everyone would hoard gold and spend silver since there is no free coinage (Ghosh & Clark, 98). Question 2: The graph below is the exchange rate of Japanese Yen to US dollar ( ¥/$) between August to November 2010. On 15th Sept, Yen moved from 83 to 85.7 yen per dollar due to the Japanese authorities’ intervention in the foreign exchange markets to weaken the value of the yen against the dollar, a day after the yen hit a 15-year high against the dollar. Japanese central bank intervened by setting aside or creating a substantial amount of Yen currency (printing money) which is used in buying several billions of  US dollars. This is then invested in in the US securities thereby increasing the supply of Yen in the market. This then weakened the value of the Yen against the dollar thereby improving exports thus lifting the country out of a deflationary period. The weakening Yen against Us dollars had to be strengthened and to be stabilized as well so as to increase market confidence. The intervention was also carried out to correct the rates of exchange so as to avoid overshooting in any given direction. The government wanted to weaken the value of the Yen against the dollar so as to improve their exports so as to lift the country out of a deflationary period. Yes, it weakened the Yen against the dollar. The exchange rate of Yen reduced considerably thereby favouring the country’s exports. The intervention was able to correct the rate of exchange thereby avoiding overshooting of either direction. Additionally, Japan was able to improve their exports hence lifting the country out of a deflationary period (HüFner, 128). Show how you can make a triangular arbitrage profit by

Sosial anthropology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

Sosial anthropology - Essay Example Led by Wired, dot com boosters were claiming that the Net was creating the free market only found up to then in the neo classical economics text books. Inspired by post modernist gurus, new media activists were convinced that humanity would liberate itself from corporate control by escaping into cyber space (Barbrook, 2005) Jumping forward from the 1990s to the year 2008 the above quote seems true to both sides. On one hand we have seen a huge shift in the way that people consume with more and more people choosing to sell and buy over the world wide web, vast amounts of profits generated for companies like Google who enjoyed in the â€Å"1990s an estimated growth of 100% per year.† (Coffman, K. G; Odlyzko, A. M. 1998) The internet market has continued to grow substantially year on year as technologies change and more and more parts of the world come on line. On the other hand, an extraordinary phenomena is taking place throughout the world which is almost totally contradictory to the doctrine of the free market and capitalism, and that is the culture of exchange and gift economy that is developing and becoming more possible through the use of the internet and social software. A gift economy can be defined as a means in which goods and services are exchanged without there being an agreement of a reciprocal return to the giver. Most anthropological academics, however would agree, although there is no implicit need for a return gift there is often an expectation of reciprocity. Marcel Mauss in his classic work "The Gift1" argues that gifts are never free and that the act of giving creates a social bond that requires obligation to reciprocate on part of the recipient. This reciprocity however is not however solely between two people but between group, tribes and communities. Further studies challenge the idea that reciprocity is an inevitable outcome of exchange and focus on the classification of different types of reciprocity. For the purpose of

Religious Dissent, Discord, Settlement and Religious Essay Example for Free

Religious Dissent, Discord, Settlement and Religious Essay This section of the paper introduces the topic and the thesis. In support of the formation of the thesis, the introduction discusses a brief history of the Tudor reign, and how prior monarchies have created religious divisions within the English society. The introduction enumerates the main concerns surrounding the topics of religious dissent, discord, settlement and religious atmosphere that took place before and during the reign of Elizabeth I. The introduction also establishes the argument as to whether Elizabeth I’s solution to the religious conflict, the creation of a united church, was an important and feasible move considering the politics surrounding her reign and the pressing influence of Rome on the religious affairs of many countries, particularly in Europe. Although this would eventually lead to the formation of the Church of England and the English Reformation, it is important to examine the historical impact of Elizabeth I’s decision in terms of implementing a defined and united English church. II. The Religious Atmosphere Prior to Elizabeth II Overview Elizabeth I’s impact on the religious life in England can be attributed to the problems which she inherited; this section discusses these factors, briefly touching on the religious atmosphere during the reigns of Henry VIII, Edward VII and Mary I. As religion played an important role in England at that time, especially with the influence of the Roman Catholics pertaining to England’s foreign relations with Rome and other parts of Europe, the religious atmosphere prior to Elizabeth I’s reign can be observed to represent deep divisions as some groups wanted to have a different interpretation and practice of the sacred Christian texts and rituals, whereas some wanted to follow the Roman Catholic way. Although this may seem like a small problem, religion’s role in the societies of those times was critical. At that time, the Church had a strong influence on the State, and this was something upheld by previous monarchs before Elizabeth I took the throne. Certain wars sprung out because of religious conflict, and it became a pressing problem especially as before Elizabeth I had to address the re-installation of Catholicism in England under Mary I’s period. II. a Religious Atmosphere Under Henry VIII II. b Religious Atmosphere Under Mary I III. Elizabethan Reign: Dissent, Discord and Religious Settlement and Atmosphere Overview This section provides a more detailed historical approach in Elizabeth I’s religious settlement. This takes from Elizabeth I’s decision to re-establish the Church of England and break ties with Rome. This section also touches on the different acts or laws implemented at that time which would serve as steps in the implementation of the Church of England and address religious divisions in the society. This section also provides a concise but substantive background on Elizabeth I’s installation as Queen in supplement to her religious settlement. This is an important aspect of the paper as Elizabeth I’s background provides the motivation and the decision of the queen, especially in terms of her religious settlement. IV. Elizabethan England: Religion and Renaissance This section touches on the English society during the Elizabethan era. This provides a background of the religious atmosphere in the country and how, during Elizabeth I’s reign, the English society started to change. This also gives a background on how and why Elizabeth I’s period has been considered as the Golden Age of English history in which this era became a point of significant accomplishments of literature and art, in addition to the prevalence of the Protestant Reformation mindset of the people. What is interesting is that although Elizabeth I would stabilise Protestantism in England, and she would be recognised for it, this did not prevent the emergence of the English Renaissance where the Elizabethan society would adopt a more open mind towards the arts and the sciences. V. Conclusion This paper concludes with an analysis of Elizabeth I’s religious settlement and how this would serve as an important seed to the formation of the English society especially in the religious and political context. This section also summarises the aspects of religious dissent and discord, especially as to whether Elizabeth I successfully addressed the deep religious divisions in the English society; this is an important point of discussion as her religious settlement was not just aimed to address religious conflict within the country but also as a means for her to install her legitimacy and rule an era of renaissance instead of religiosity.

Huggies Mamy Poko Company Backgorund Essay Example for Free

Huggies Mamy Poko Company Backgorund Essay Kimberly Clark is founded in 1872 at Neenah, Wisconsin and is headquartered in Dallas, Texas. It is passionate about providing people with essentials for a better life by adding convenience to daily routines with some of the world’s most recognized products. Kimberly Clark has approximately 58,000 employees worldwide and operations in 36 countries. Its sales have increased to $21.1 billion in 2012. Kimberly Clark has many global brands and one of them is Huggies. Huggies diapers were first introduced by Kimberly Clark in 1978, and they’ve been improved nearly every year since. Refastenable diapers, breathable diapers and stretchy diapers are all Huggies firsts. At the controls of the Huggies innovation engine are everyday consumers. The art of understanding and anticipating consumer needs – sometimes before consumers do themselves – has led not only to product advances but the creation of whole new categories, businesses that didn’t exist before. In 1985, Huggies took leadership of the category for the first time, and has been the number one selling diaper in America since 1993. Today, Huggies brand introduces a demonstrably better product every year, and the imperative to innovate extends far beyond the Huggies diaper franchise. It’s no accident that Kimberly Clark offers consumers the number one or number two brand in 80 countries. Unicharm Corporation, MamyPoko Unicharm Corporation is a Japan-based company mainly engaged in the manufactured and sale of baby care products, feminine care products and pet care products. Unicharm is established on February 10, 1961. The company operates in three business segments. The personal care segment provides baby care related products, such paper diapers; feminine care related products, such as sanitary items, as well as healthcare related products, including incontinence articles for adults and powder puffs. The pet care segment provides pet food products and pet toiletry products. The others segment is engaged in the gravure printing, processing and sales business, as well as financial business. As of March 31, 2012, the company owned 40 consolidated subsidiaries and two associated companies. MamyPoko is a brand of the company Unicharm that focuses on pant-style diapers for babies. MamyPoko started manufacturing baby diapers since 1981. MamyPoko pants at present are sold in 14 Asian countries. MamyPoko pants come with a core that has maximum absorbent and moisture-locking capacity. MamyPoko diapers come in the following 3 types, MamyPoko tape diapers, extra soft fit and easy fit pants. Apart from manufacturing diapers, the brand also produces baby wipes, both in fragrant and non-fragrant varieties.

Comparative Study Between TBP and Dibutylalkyl Phosphonates

Comparative Study Between TBP and Dibutylalkyl Phosphonates CHAPTER 7 PHOSPHONATES AS ALTERNATIVE TO TBP FOR ACTINIDES AND FISSION PRODUCTS Solvent extraction studies of U (VI), Th (IV), Eu (III) and Tc (VII) in dibutylalkyl phosphonates have been carried out in present study. Uptake of these metal ion and formation of metal-ligand bond is a direct consequence of phosphorus-carbon bond and to understand the influence of these changes in the bond was the main objective for the present study. Thus synthesis and solvent extraction studies of Dibutyl Propyl Phosphonate (DBPrP) and Dibutyl Pentyl Phosphonate (DBPeP) were carried and were compared with those available for Tributyl Phosphate (TBP). Thus this study will represent a comparative study between TBP and dibutylalkyl phosphonates. 7.1 Introduction Spent nuclear fuel (SNF) is a complex system with large number of elements and there isotopes which are produced during the nuclear fission of U and Pu. These spent fuel rods containing activation products along with fission products needs to be dealt while reprocessing and waste management of SNF which is carried out at reprocessing plant. TBP a triester of phosphoric acid is a major extractant used for nuclear fuel reprocessing that is Plutonium Uranium Extraction PUREX processes worldwide for the separation of uranium and plutonium from the dissolver solution [1]. Even though it has been a workhorse in nuclear industry since long period there are major drawbacks like its significant solubility in aqueous phase, third phase formation during macro level extraction of tetravalent actinides in nitric acid medium, low selectivity of U and Pu over Zr and Ru and presence of chemical and radiolytic degradation products of TBP viz. monobutyl and dibutyl phosphoric acid are responsible for lowering the decontamination factor (DF) [2-6]. Significant research in the scientific community using higher homologs of TBP has shown that they are more resistant to third phase formation and aqueous solubility. Basicity of the phosphoryl oxygen and the nature of substituents attached to the P atom are key factor responsible for the extraction ability of any organophosphorus extractant. Enhancement of the basicity on the phosphoryl group may be achieved by replacement of C-O-P group directly by C-P group. Neutral organophosphorus extractants show the variation in the basicity of the phosphoryl oxygen as phosphine oxide > phosphinates > phosphonates > phosphates [7]. Studies in the past have reported that phosphonates are better extractants for the extraction of uranium and thorium as compared to that with corresponding phosphates [8, 9]. In the nuclear reprocessing industry dibutylalkyl phosphonate was found to be one of the promising candidates as a replacement for TBP. Lower D values than that of corresponding phosphinates and phosphorus oxide makes stripping easier in case of phosphonates. The main objective of this study was to focus on the potential extraction capabilities of U (VI), Th (IV), Eu (III) and Tc (VII) which are relevant from nuclear fuel cycle view point by the phosphonates DBPrP and DBPeP. 7.2 Synthesis of Dibutylalkyl Phosphonates Phosphonates used in the present study was synthesized using Michaelis Becker reaction [10]. In this reaction equimolar amount of sodium is allowed to react with dialkylhydrogen phosphonate and dialkylsodium phosphonate thus obtained is further allowed to react with alkyl halides and final product with P-C bond is obtained. Figure 7.1 Michaelis-Becker Reaction Preset reaction involves nucleophilic substitution of phosphorus on alkyl halide to yield phosphonate as shown in the figure below. Figure 7.2 Mechanism for Michaelis-Becker Reaction The preparation of these phosphonates were carried out in a refluxation unit by drop wise addition of dibutylhydrogen phosphate over a period of 30 minutes to the reaction mixture i.e. sodium (1.15g, 0.05 mol) + hexane (100 mL). The addition of dibutylhydrogen phosphate was continued until the dissolution of sodium was complete. After this complete reaction mixture was stirred under gentle refluxation for about 4 hours during which 1-bromoalkane was added over a period of half-an-hour. This reaction mixture was then washed with water after cooling it at room temperature after which the product was distilled using reduced pressure to get rid of impurities. 7.3 Mechanism of Extraction in Dibutylalkyl Phosphonates Uptake of metal ions from the aqueous phase using dibutylalkyl phosphonates is by formation of neutral complex formation. Solvation of metal ion takes place by nitrate ion which is the aqueous phase used in the present studies. Then the solvation of these neutral metal nitrate species takes place with the help of dibutylalkyl phosphonate which gets extracted be the organic phase. MX+aq + X NO3 + nDBAPorg M(NO3)X.nDBAPorg Following equation gives the equilibrium constant for the above reaction Keq = [M(NO3)X.nDBAP]org / [MX+aq] [NO3]X[DBAPorg]n Distribution ratio (D) is the ratio of activity of metal ion in organic phase to that in the aqueous phase at equilibrium, which can be rearranged and represented in the following way. D = Keq [NO3] X[DBAPorg]n Distribution ratio depends on the concentration of nitrate ions and concentration of extractant. There is always a rise in the D value as the nitrate ion concentration increases while the fall at higher acidity indicates the extraction of nitric acid. 7.4 Solvent Extraction Studies Extraction of U (VI), Th (IV), Eu (III) and Tc (VII) with were carried out in a plastic tube with preequliberated organic phase that comprised of 1.1 M DBPrP and DBPeP in n-dodecane. 2 mL of preequliberated extractant was agitated with 2 mL of nitric acid in a shaking incubator at 25 0C for 1 hour. After the equilibration the two phases were allowed to separate and were analysed for the metal ion content using suitable technique. 7.4.1 Extraction studies of nitric acid Around 2 mL of various concentrations of nitric acid (0.1-6M) were taken in an equilibration tube and equilibrated with 1.1 M DBPrP/DBPeP, n-dodecane at room temperature for an hour. The nitric acid concentration in both the phases was determined by acid-base titration. Figure below depicts the uptake of nitric acid in DBPrP and DBPeP compared with the available literature values of TBP. As observed from the plot it is clear that D values in case of phosphonates are higher as compared with that of TBP which is the direct consequence of the higher basicity of the phosphonates. Prasanna et al. have reported that the changes in alkyl group structure do not have significant affect on extraction of nitric acid [11]. 7.4.2 Extraction Studies of U (VI) After the equilibration the two phases were separated and analysed for U (VI) content spectrophotometrically using Arsenazo-III as chromogenic agent [12]. Organic phase concentration was estimated by subtracting concentration of U (VI) in equilibrated aqueous phase from the initial feed concentration. Below figure shows the comparative data for the uptake of U (VI) in TBP, DBPeP and DBPrP in the complete nitric acid range (0.1-6 M). There was a constant increase in the uptake of U (VI) metal ion with the increase in nitric acid concentration. Also the observed increase in the uptake of U (VI) as TBP Figure 7.3 Variation of DU(VI) as the function of acid concentration for Dibutylalkyl phosphonates at 25 0C 7.4.3 Extraction Studies of Th (IV) Figure 7.4 depicts the variation of extraction behavior of Th (IV) by 1.1 M of TBP, DBPrP and DBPeP extraction in n-dodecane under identical conditions. As expected there is a constant rise in the D values as the concentration of nitric acid goes on increasing. Also higher analogs of neutral organophosphorus extractant shows the higher uptake which is again a direct conciquence of the increased bascicity on phophoryl oxygen the highest uptake of Th (IV) is Figure 7.4 Variation of DTh(IV) as the function of acid concentration for Dibutylalkyl phosphonates at 25 0C 7.4.4 Extraction Studies of Europium (III) Figure 7.5 Variation of DEu(III) as the function of acid concentration for Dibutylalkyl phosphonates at 25 0C 7.4.5 Extraction Studies of Technetium (VII) Figure 7.3 Variation of DTc(VII) as the function of acid concentration for Dibutylalkyl phosphonates at 25 0C References Schulz, W.W.; Berger, L.L.; Navratil, J.D. Eds.; Science and Technology of TBP; RC Press: Boca Raton, FL, 1990; Vol. 3. Crouse, D.J.; Arnold, W.D.; Hurst, F.J. Proceedings of the International Solvent Extraction Conference (ISEC’83), Denver, Colorado, 1983; pp 90–96. Marcus, Y.; Kertes, A.S. Ion Exchange and Solvent Extraction of Metal Complexes; Wiley- Interscience, New York, 1969; p 953–954. Kolarik, Z. Proc. International Solvent Extraction Conference, Toronto, Canada; Lucas, B. H., Ritcey, G. M., Smith, H. N., Eds.; 1977; Vol. 1. Kertes, A. S. Solvent Extraction Chemistry of Metals; McKay, H. A. C., Healy, T.V., Jenkins, I. L., Naylor. A, Eds.; Macmillan: NY, 1965; p. 377–379. Srinivasan, T. G.; Ahmed, M. K.; Shakila, A.M.; Damodaran, R.; Vasudeva Rao, P. R.;Mathews, C. K. Third phase formation in the extraction of Pu by TBP. Radiochim. Acta. 1986, 40, 151–154. Berger, L. L. Uranium and plutonium extraction by organophosphorus compounds. J. Phys. Chem. 1958, 62, 590–593. Siddall,T.H., III. Trialkylphosphates and dialkylalkylphoshonates in uranium and thorium extraction. Ind. Eng. Chem. 1959, 51(1), 41–44. Madigan, D.C.; Cattrall, R.W. The extraction of thorium from nitrate solution by dibutylbutyl phosphonate. J. Inorg. Nuclear Chem. 1961, 21, 334–338. Kosalapoff, G.M. Isomerisation of alkylphosphites. III. The synthesis of n-alkylphosphonic acids. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1945, 67, 1180–1182. R. Prasanna, A. Suresh, T.G. Srinivasan, P.R. Vasudeva Rao, Extraction of nitric acid by some trialkyl phosphates, J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem., 222 (1-2) (1997) 231-234. Perez-Bustamante, J. A.; Palomares Delgado, F. The extraction and spectrophotometric determination of sexavalent uranium with Arsenazo III in aqueous-organic media. Analyst 1971, 96, 407–422. Kalina, D.G.; Mason, G.W; Horwitz, E.P. The thermodynamics of extraction of U(VI) and Th(IV) from nitric acid by neutral phosphorus based organic compounds, J Inorg. Nucl. Chem. 1981, 43, 159–163.

Isers Act of Reading :: essays papers

Isers Act of Reading Critiquing a Critique: Wolfgang Iser’s The Act of Reading Texts on critical theory present an interesting challenge when one sits down to critique or review them. The purpose of these texts is to persuade the reader that all texts should be read and critiqued in the manner described within its pages. The process of evaluating such a book based on criteria that the reader has already established is made much more difficult by the fact that the focus of the book is to explain, in the majority of the cases, why the criteria being used is inferior to what the book itself recommends. How then, does one approach the problem that surrounds critiquing an instructional text on how to critique? The simplest way to approach the dilemma is to establish whether or not the points made by the author are valid, regardless of whether or not the reader agrees enough with the other to adopt his style of criticism. In this particular case, the author, Wolfgang Iser, is attempting to convince his readers that an approach he calls â€Å"aesthetic response† is the proper way to read and critique texts. Iser claims that his style is universal and can be applied to virtually all forms of writing. For this to be true, then one of the books written by Iser to help describe the process, The Act of Reading, should be able to validate his aesthetic response theory once it is read and critiqued by the manner described within the theory itself. Interestingly enough, the style of Iser’s book and the approach the author takes in explaining his theory to his readers run completely counter to the ideals of his theory. Iser’s aesthetic response theory contains is based on several points. First, the purpose of the reader is not to attempt to discover the single, hidden meaning within a text. The author backs up his position by providing this explanation: If the critic’s revelation of the meaning is a loss to the author†¦then meaning must be a thing which can be subtracted from the work. And if this meaning, as the very heart of the work, can be lifted out of the text, the work is then used up-through interpretation, literature is turned into an item for consumption. This is fatal not only for the text but also for literary criticism, for what can be the function of interpretation if its sole achievement is to extract the meaning and leave behind an empty shell?

Success of Petruchio in The Taming of the Shrew :: Taming Shrew Essays

Success of Petruchio in The Taming of the Shrew The Taming of the Shrew written by William Shakespeare depicts the common roles of men and women in the early seventeenth century. Shakespeare writes of Petruchio and Kate, a male and female who sharply oppose each other. Petruicho must "tame" his wife Kate without breaking her true inner spirit. Shakespeare touches on Kate's changing character and allows her to undergo three phases: Kate's character in the beginning, the methods Petruicho uses to tame Kate and the final outcome (how Kate has changed). The Taming of the Shrew unravels to reveal a wild beastly Katharine lacking respect for her family, herself and others around her. Kate is a very outspoken and vulgar woman without respect to authority. Katharine, although depicted as a beautiful woman quickly becomes the talk of Padua. Kate has found that if she is loud and obnoxious she can have her way. She screams and grunts and pushes those who she does not get along with. The general character of Katharine seems to be that of a small child. Peturicho's methods of pursuit in some cases border along the lines of torture. Peturicho manipulates and exploits Kate's character in order to change her outward actions. Although Peturicho does not want to change Kate's inward thoughts, he does not want to break her spirit. The greatest example can be quoted below. Petruchio says, "Thy gown's Why, aye. Come, tailor, let us see'st. / O mercy, God! What masquing stuff is here's / What's this's A sleeve's Tis like a demi-cannon. / What, up and down, carved like an apple tart's / Here's snip and nip and cut and slish and slash, Like to a censer in a barber's shop." (4.3.86-92) Petruciho uses the beautiful gown to show Kate that she will no longer have her way. Petruicho also uses several other instances to tame Kate. Petruicho is "fashionably late" to his wedding with Katharine and upon arrival is dresed as a jester. Petruciho "kidnaps" Kate from her wedding reception, and upon arrival to his home only allows Kate to smell the delicious food. Petruicho conduct himself in this manner to show Kate how she looks and behaves.